Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an increased occurrence of thrombosis, thromboembolic events, and pregnancy-related complications, particularly miscarriages and preeclampsia. It may occur as a primary form, which develops independently without the presence of another autoimmune disease, or as a secondary form, which is associated with another autoimmune condition or malignancy. The diagnosis of APS is based on a combination of clinical manifestations and laboratory tests, including the presence of autoantibodies against cardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein I, as well as blood coagulation tests.